%
% Make the revision and doc number macro's then they are defined in one place

\ifthenelse {\boolean{paper}}
{
\begin{abstract}
This paper describes the legal frameworks and standards organisations
that exist in Europe and North America.
Some specific standards (that the author has experience with directly)
are reviewed.
\end{abstract}
}
{
This chapter describes the legal frameworks and standards organisations
that exist in Europe and North America.
Some specific standards (that the author has experience with directly)
are reviewed.
}

\section{Introduction}

\subsection{Product Life Cycle}
\begin{figure}[h]
 \centering
 \includegraphics[width=300pt,keepaspectratio=true]{./standards/prod_life.jpg}
 % prod_life.jpg: 620x421 pixel, 72dpi, 21.87x14.85 cm, bb=0 0 620 421
 \caption{Product Life Cycle with Competent Body Approval and Surveillance}
 \label{fig:prod_life}
\end{figure}

difffernent areas
EN61508 REQ to SPEC to DESIGN


EN298
DESIGN TO 
TESTING (EMC PRODUCT

FM 
PRODUCT VERIFICATION MONITORING


NEW A PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE IMAGE WITH AN EULER DIAGRMA FOR THE DIFFERENT STANDARDS

Different agencies - approval is testing of new product
and verification to standard - manufacturing overwatch / supervision
word on tip of tounge -
\section{Legislation and Safety Standards}

European Directives - generalised goals for society -

\begin{itemize}
\item Environmental protection
\item Human Rights - safety in the workplace
\end{itemize}

Directives become safety goals, leading to Generic standards, for some equipemnt, specific standards are written

\section{ Safety Goals and safety Requirements}
Safety goals can be seen as general principles of safety.
Safety requirements, are speciific to the operatng conditions and environment
that the equipement is used in.
Safety goals can be considered a set of aspirations
to be applied to any system.

For every Safety requirement $S_{req}$ we should have a related safety goal
$S_{goal}$ for the requirments to be meaningful.

FIND LIST

\begin{itemize}
\item * To protect life and limb
\item * To protect the environment
\end{itemize}

We can express this as 
$$ \forall S_{req} \longrightarrow S_{goal}. $$


\section{European or `EN' Standards}

\subsection{Scope}
\subsection{Approval Process}
\subsection{Legal Framework}
\subsection{References}

\section{North American Standards}

\subsection{Scope}
\subsection{Approval Process}
\subsection{Legal Framework}
\subsection{References}


Protection against being sued mainly ! UL - underwriters laboratories.... etc

\section{Cross Referencing}

Stabndards of ten reference other - i.e. EMC testing in EN298 refers toEN blah blah to level blah blah


\section{Standard in detail: EN298}

Section 9. Second faults, pushing the requirements for static testing.
Appendix A. Definintions of failure modes for common faults.

\subsection{The liniage of EN298}

follow safety directive to general standard to specific and then all those it references
\section{Standard in detail: UL1998}

\section{Standard in detail: EN230}

\section{Standard in detail: EN61508}