diff --git a/mybib.bib b/mybib.bib
index 740a36b..31d57ec 100644
--- a/mybib.bib
+++ b/mybib.bib
@@ -28,6 +28,24 @@
   YEAR =         "2011"
 }
 
+@article{Lutz:1997:RAU:590564.590572,
+ author = {Lutz, Robyn R. and Woodhouse, Robert M.},
+ title = {Requirements analysis using forward and backward search},
+ journal = {Ann. Softw. Eng.},
+ issue_date = {1997},
+ volume = {3},
+ month = jan,
+ year = {1997},
+ issn = {1022-7091},
+ pages = {459--475},
+ numpages = {17},
+ url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=590564.590572},
+ acmid = {590572},
+ publisher = {J. C. Baltzer AG, Science Publishers},
+ address = {Red Bank, NJ, USA},
+} 
+
+
 
 @ARTICLE{sfmeaa,
   AUTHOR =       "Shawulu Hunira Nggada",
diff --git a/submission_thesis/CH2_FMEA/copy.tex b/submission_thesis/CH2_FMEA/copy.tex
index cbfb964..cf90759 100644
--- a/submission_thesis/CH2_FMEA/copy.tex
+++ b/submission_thesis/CH2_FMEA/copy.tex
@@ -8,6 +8,18 @@ of a system's components and determining the effects of these failures
 on the behaviour and safety of the system."
 \end{quotation}.
 
+\section{Concepts}
+
+Forward and backward searching...
+forward search starts with possible failure causes 
+and works out what could happen
+
+backward search uses possible failures and works back down (and not necessarily to
+base components in a system)
+Reasoning distance .... general concept... simple ideas about how complex a
+failure analysis is the more modules and components are involved
+% cite for forward and backward search related to safety critical software
+\cite{Lutz:1997:RAU:590564.590572} %{sfmeaforwardbackward}
 
 \section{F.M.E.A.}
 
@@ -47,11 +59,12 @@ the effectiveness of FMEA.
 % %  \item Analysis
 % % \end{itemize}
 
-\clearpage
+\clearpage 
 \paragraph{FMEA basic concept.}
 
 
-\begin{itemize}
+\begin{itemize} 
+
    \item \textbf{F - Failures of given component} Consider a component in a system
     \item \textbf{M - Failure Mode} Look at one of the ways in which it can fail (i.e. determine a component `failure~mode')
     \item \textbf{E - Effects} Determine the effects this failure mode will cause to the system we are examining
diff --git a/submission_thesis/Makefile b/submission_thesis/Makefile
index fa7f835..0c43bbe 100644
--- a/submission_thesis/Makefile
+++ b/submission_thesis/Makefile
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 
 
 
-all: bib chapters_sub_make
+all: bib chapters_sub_make thesis
+
+thesis:
 	pdflatex thesis
 	makeindex thesis.glo -s thesis.ist -t thesis.glg -o thesis.gls
 	acroread thesis.pdf || evince thesis.pdf
@@ -16,6 +18,7 @@ bib:
 	bibtex thesis
 
 chapters_sub_make:
+	echo "chapters submake"; sleep 2
 	cd CH1_introduction; make copy
 	cd CH2_FMEA; make copy
 	cd CH3_FMEA_criticism; make copy