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\abstract{
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This paper discusses representing Euler Diagrams as graphs, or sets of relationships.
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By representing Euler diagrams in this way,
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algorithms to invesigate properties of the diagrams, are possible, without
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algorithms to investigate properties of the diagrams, are possible, without
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having to resort
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to extra unecessary CPU expensive area operations on the concrete diagrams.
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to extra unnecessary CPU expensive area operations on the concrete diagrams.
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The graph representations presented here form the basis for several algorithms
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and time saving procedures, implemented in the FMMD analysis tool.
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@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ and time saving procedures, implemented in the FMMD analysis tool.
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\section{Introduction}
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This chapter discusses representing Euler Diagrams as graphs, or sets of relationships.
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By representing Euler diagrams in this way,
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algorithms to invesigate properties of the diagrams, are possible, without
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algorithms to investigate properties of the diagrams, are possible, without
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having to resort
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to extra unecessary CPU expensive area operations on the concrete diagrams.
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to extra unnecessary CPU expensive area operations on the concrete diagrams.
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The graph representations presented here form the basis for several algorithms
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and time saving procedures, implemented in the FMMD analysis tool.
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@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ and time saving procedures, implemented in the FMMD analysis tool.
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\section{Introduction : Euler Diagram }
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Classical Euler diagrams consist of closed curves in the plane which are used to represent sets.
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The spaitial relationship between the curves defines the set theoretic relationships, as defined below.
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The spatial relationship between the curves defines the set theoretic relationships, as defined below.
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Intersection - if the curves defining the area within curves overlap
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\item Sub-set - if a curve is enclosed by another
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@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ The spaitial relationship between the curves defines the set theoretic relations
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The definitions above allow us to read an Euler diagram
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and write down set theory equations.
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The interest here though, is to define relationships between the contours, that allow
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processing and parsing of the diagram without resorting to extra area operations in the concerete plane.
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processing and parsing of the diagram without resorting to extra area operations in the concrete plane.
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\section{Defining `pair-wise intersection' \\ and `enclosure'}
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@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ $$ B {\enc} A \wedge A {\enc} C \implies B {\enc} C $$
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\begin{definition}
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\label{def:enctrans}
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Enlcosure relationships are transitive.
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Enclosure relationships are transitive.
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\end{definition}
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@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ The diagram in figure \ref{fig:eulerg_enc} can be represented by the following r
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$$ B {\enc} A $$
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$$ A {\enc} C $$
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\section{Represeting Euler diagrams as graphs}
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\section{Representing Euler diagrams as graphs}
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As the relationships {\em enclosure} and {\pic} are mutually exclusive
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and {\em enclosure} is transitive and {\pic} is not, we can represent
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@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ Figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic} shows a {\pic} consisting of contours $M,N,O,P$ and
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\begin{definition}
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\label{def:encpic}
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If any contour in a {\pic} is enclosed by any contour not belonging to the chain,
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all the countours within the
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all the contours within the
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{\pic} will be enclosed by it.
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\end{definition}
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@ -218,17 +218,17 @@ reachable pair-wise intersection relationships.
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$ M {\pin} N {\pin} O {\pin} P $ are part of the same chain.
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following from $O$, $O {\pin} Q$.
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Thus by the definition of being reachable by pair-wise instersection relationships,$M,N,O,P,Q$
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Thus by the definition of being reachable by pair-wise intersection relationships,$M,N,O,P,Q$
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are in the same {\pic}, even though $Q$ encloses $P$.
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We can define this {\pic} as $PIC1$ as a set of contours.
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$$ PIC1 = \{ M,N,O,P,Q \} $$
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Contour $A$, by virtue of not bisecting any contour in the pair-wise instersection
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Contour $A$, by virtue of not bisecting any contour in the pair-wise intersection
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chain $PIC1$, does not belong to $PIC1$. Because it encloses one of the contours, it
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encloses all contours in the chain.
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Knowing this can save on unecessary area operations on the concrete diagram.
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Knowing this can save on unnecessary area operations on the concrete diagram.
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\begin{figure}[h]
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\centering
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@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ we can represent them both on the same graph, see figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic_g_a
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=200pt,bb=0 0 330 162,keepaspectratio=true]{./eulerg/eulerg_pic_g_a.jpg}
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% eulerg_pic_g_a.jpg: 330x162 pixel, 72dpi, 11.64x5.72 cm, bb=0 0 330 162
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\caption{Graph of euler diagram in figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic}.}
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\caption{Graph of Euler diagram in figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic}.}
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\label{fig:eulerg_pic_g_a}
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\end{figure}
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@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ we can represent them both on the same graph, see figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic_g_a
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\subsection{Reducing clutter in the graph}
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Contour A encloses the pure intersection chain $PIC1$;
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using definition \ref{def:encpic}, we can draw this in a less cluttered way,
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by only drawing one enclosure ralationship to the {\pic}
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by only drawing one enclosure relationship to the {\pic}
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(see figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic_g_a_unc}).
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We only need to show contour A enclosing one member of the {\pic} $PIC1$
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in order to show that contour A encloses all contours in $PIC1$.
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@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ in order to show that contour A encloses all contours in $PIC1$.
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=200pt,bb=0 0 330 162]{./eulerg/eulerg_pic_g_a_unc.jpg}
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% eulerg_pic_g_a_unc.jpg: 330x162 pixel, 72dpi, 11.64x5.72 cm, bb=0 0 330 162
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\caption{Uncluttered graph of euler diagram in figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic}.}
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\caption{Uncluttered graph of Euler diagram in figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic}.}
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\label{fig:eulerg_pic_g_a_unc}
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\end{figure}
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@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ in order to show that contour A encloses all contours in $PIC1$.
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\section{Reduction of searches \\ for available zones}
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Another property of any {\pic} $P$, is that
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the maximum number of euler zones within it is
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the maximum number of Euler zones within it is
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$$ MaxZones = 2^{|P|} $$
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