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@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ and time saving procedures, implemented in the FMMD analysis tool.
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{ %% Introduction
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{ %% Introduction
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\section{Introduction}
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\section{Introduction}
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This paper discusses representing Euler Diagrams as graphs, or sets of relationships.
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This chapter discusses representing Euler Diagrams as graphs, or sets of relationships.
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By representing Euler diagrams in this way,
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By representing Euler diagrams in this way,
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algorithms to invesigate properties of the diagrams, are possible, without
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algorithms to invesigate properties of the diagrams, are possible, without
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having to resort
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having to resort
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@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ and write down set theory equations.
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The interest here though, is to define relationships between the contours, that allow
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The interest here though, is to define relationships between the contours, that allow
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processing and parsing of the diagram without resorting to extra area operations in the concerete plane.
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processing and parsing of the diagram without resorting to extra area operations in the concerete plane.
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\section{Defining `pure intersection' and `enclosure'}
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\section{Defining `pair-wise intersection' and `enclosure'}
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%\begin{figure}[htp]
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%\begin{figure}[htp]
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% \begin{center}
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% \begin{center}
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@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ processing and parsing of the diagram without resorting to extra area operations
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% \centering
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% \centering
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% \includegraphics[width=200pt,keepaspectratio=true]{./eulerg/eulerg1.jpg}
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% \includegraphics[width=200pt,keepaspectratio=true]{./eulerg/eulerg1.jpg}
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% % eulerg1.jpg: 513x215 pixel, 72dpi, 18.10x7.58 cm, bb=0 0 513 215
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% % eulerg1.jpg: 513x215 pixel, 72dpi, 18.10x7.58 cm, bb=0 0 513 215
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% \caption{An Euler Diagram showing enclosure and Pure Intersection}
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% \caption{An Euler Diagram showing enclosure and Pair-wise Intersection}
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% \label{fig:eulerg1}
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% \label{fig:eulerg1}
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%\end{figure}
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%\end{figure}
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%
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%
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@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ processing and parsing of the diagram without resorting to extra area operations
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% \label{fig:subfig3}
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% \label{fig:subfig3}
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% }
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% }
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\caption{An Euler Diagram showing enclosure and Pure Intersection}
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\caption{An Euler Diagram showing enclosure and Pair-wise Intersection}
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\label{fig:eulerg1}
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\label{fig:eulerg1}
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\end{figure}
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\end{figure}
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@ -117,20 +117,20 @@ $A$ `enclosed' by $B$. We can express this as a directed relationship.
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$$ B {\enc} A $$
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$$ B {\enc} A $$
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\paragraph{Pure Intersection}
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\paragraph{Pair-wise Intersection}
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In the $D$, $E$ case we have
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In the $D$, $E$ case we have
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We can say that where the areas defined by the curves intersect but no one curve encloses the
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We can say that where the areas defined by the curves intersect but no one curve encloses the
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other, we can term this `pure intersection'.
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other, we can term this `pair-wise intersection'.
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We can express this as a non directed relationship.
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We can express this as a non directed relationship.
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$$ D \pin E $$
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$$ D \pin E $$
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\paragraph{Mutual exclusivity of `pure intersection' and `enclosure'}
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\paragraph{Mutual exclusivity of `pair-wise intersection' and `enclosure'}
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Clearly these two properties are mutually exclusive. No
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Clearly these two properties are mutually exclusive. No
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contour can be both purely intersected and enclosed with the same contour.
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contour can be both pair-wisely intersected and enclosed with the same contour.
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Also enclosure, is transitive. That is to say if B encloses A, and A encloses C
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Also enclosure, is transitive. That is to say if B encloses A, and A encloses C
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then B encloses C, see figure \ref{fig:eulerg_enc}.
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then B encloses C, see figure \ref{fig:eulerg_enc}.
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@ -183,8 +183,8 @@ an {\em enclosure} relationship as a directed vertice and
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In graph theory a node is said to be reachable from another node
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In graph theory a node is said to be reachable from another node
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if you can start at the one node, travel via the edges
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if you can start at the one node, travel via the edges
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and arrive at the other.
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and arrive at the other.
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Contours may be connected via `pure intersection' relationships to form
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Contours may be connected via `pair-wise intersection' relationships to form
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`chains' of contours reachable by pure intersection.
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`chains' of contours reachable by pair-wise intersection.
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These are termed {\pic}s.
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These are termed {\pic}s.
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Figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic} shows a {\pic} consisting of contours $M,N,O,P$ and $Q$.
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Figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic} shows a {\pic} consisting of contours $M,N,O,P$ and $Q$.
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@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ all the countours within the
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This is because a contour
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This is because a contour
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enclosing which bisects another contour in a {\pic}
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enclosing which bisects another contour in a {\pic}
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becomes part of the pure~intersection~chain.
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becomes part of the pair-wise~intersection~chain.
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% Hmmmm thats true but a better way to say it ????
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% Hmmmm thats true but a better way to say it ????
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%The diagram in figure \ref{fig:eulerg_enc} can be represented by the following relationships.
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%The diagram in figure \ref{fig:eulerg_enc} can be represented by the following relationships.
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@ -226,18 +226,18 @@ $$ A {\enc} Q $$
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}
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}
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To form the {\pic} we can follow
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To form the {\pic} we can follow
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reachable pure intersection relationships.
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reachable pair-wise intersection relationships.
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$ M {\pin} N {\pin} O {\pin} P $ are part of the same chain.
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$ M {\pin} N {\pin} O {\pin} P $ are part of the same chain.
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following from $O$, $O {\pin} Q$.
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following from $O$, $O {\pin} Q$.
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Thus by the definition of being reachable by pure instersection relationships,$M,N,O,P,Q$
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Thus by the definition of being reachable by pair-wise instersection relationships,$M,N,O,P,Q$
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are in the same {\pic}, even though $Q$ encloses $P$.
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are in the same {\pic}, even though $Q$ encloses $P$.
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We can define this {\pic} as $PIC1$ as a set of contours.
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We can define this {\pic} as $PIC1$ as a set of contours.
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$$ PIC1 = \{ M,N,O,P,Q \} $$
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$$ PIC1 = \{ M,N,O,P,Q \} $$
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Contour $A$, by virtue of not bisecting any contour in the pure instersection
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Contour $A$, by virtue of not bisecting any contour in the pair-wise instersection
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chain $PIC1$, does not belong to $PIC1$. Because it encloses one of the contours, it
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chain $PIC1$, does not belong to $PIC1$. Because it encloses one of the contours, it
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encloses all contours in the chain.
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encloses all contours in the chain.
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Knowing this can save on unecessary area operations on the concrete diagram.
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Knowing this can save on unecessary area operations on the concrete diagram.
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@ -246,15 +246,15 @@ Knowing this can save on unecessary area operations on the concrete diagram.
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\centering
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=200pt,bb=0 0 330 158,keepaspectratio=true]{./eulerg/eulerg_pic_g.jpg}
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\includegraphics[width=200pt,bb=0 0 330 158,keepaspectratio=true]{./eulerg/eulerg_pic_g.jpg}
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% eulerg_pic_g.jpg: 330x158 pixel, 72dpi, 11.64x5.57 cm, bb=0 0 330 158
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% eulerg_pic_g.jpg: 330x158 pixel, 72dpi, 11.64x5.57 cm, bb=0 0 330 158
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\caption{Pure Intersection chain PIC1 as a graph}
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\caption{Pair-wise Intersection chain PIC1 as a graph}
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\label{fig:eulerg_pic_g}
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\label{fig:eulerg_pic_g}
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\end{figure}
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\end{figure}
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% \subsection{The Pure intersection chain PIC1}
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% \subsection{The Pair-wise intersection chain PIC1}
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% \begin{figure}[h]
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% \begin{figure}[h]
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% \centering
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% \centering
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% \includegraphics[width=200pt,bb=0 0 955 286,keepaspectratio=true]{./eulerg_pic_g.jpg}
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% \includegraphics[width=200pt,bb=0 0 955 286,keepaspectratio=true]{./eulerg_pic_g.jpg}
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% % eulerg_pic.jpg: 955x286 pixel, 72dpi, 33.69x10.09 cm, bb=0 0 955 286
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% % eulerg_pic.jpg: 955x286 pixel, 72dpi, 33.69x10.09 cm, bb=0 0 955 286
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% \caption{The pure Intersection PIC1 as a graph}
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% \caption{The pair-wise Intersection PIC1 as a graph}
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% \label{fig:eulerg_pic1}
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% \label{fig:eulerg_pic1}
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% \end{figure}
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% \end{figure}
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@ -263,8 +263,7 @@ Figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic_g} only shows the {\pic}, but does not show the conto
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enclosing $PIC1$. Figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic_g_a}
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enclosing $PIC1$. Figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic_g_a}
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shows contour A enclosing all elements in $PIC1$
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shows contour A enclosing all elements in $PIC1$
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\pagebreak[0]
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\subsection{Enclosure and pair-wise \\ intersection in the graph}
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\subsection{Enclosure and pure \\ intersection in the graph}
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\begin{figure}[h]
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\begin{figure}[h]
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\centering
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\centering
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\includegraphics[width=200pt,bb=0 0 330 162,keepaspectratio=true]{./eulerg/eulerg_pic_g_a.jpg}
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\includegraphics[width=200pt,bb=0 0 330 162,keepaspectratio=true]{./eulerg/eulerg_pic_g_a.jpg}
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@ -273,6 +272,7 @@ shows contour A enclosing all elements in $PIC1$
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\label{fig:eulerg_pic_g_a}
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\label{fig:eulerg_pic_g_a}
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\end{figure}
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\end{figure}
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\pagebreak[0]
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Because we know that a contour enclosing a contour within a {\pic} but not belonging
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Because we know that a contour enclosing a contour within a {\pic} but not belonging
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to it, encloses all elements of the {\pic}, we can draw this in a less cluttered way
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to it, encloses all elements of the {\pic}, we can draw this in a less cluttered way
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see figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic_g_a_unc}.
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see figure \ref{fig:eulerg_pic_g_a_unc}.
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@ -76,7 +76,8 @@
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\newcommand{\bcs}{\em base~components}
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\newcommand{\bcs}{\em base~components}
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\newcommand{\enc}{\ensuremath{\stackrel{enc}{\longrightarrow}}}
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\newcommand{\enc}{\ensuremath{\stackrel{enc}{\longrightarrow}}}
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\newcommand{\pin}{\ensuremath{\stackrel{pi}{\longleftrightarrow}}}
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\newcommand{\pin}{\ensuremath{\stackrel{pi}{\longleftrightarrow}}}
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\newcommand{\pic}{\em pure~intersection~chain}
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%\newcommand{\pic}{\em pure~intersection~chain}
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\newcommand{\pic}{\em pair-wise~intersection~chain}
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%----- Display example text (#1) in typewriter font
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%----- Display example text (#1) in typewriter font
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