diff --git a/noninvopamp/fg1.dia b/noninvopamp/fg1.dia new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2c8325f Binary files /dev/null and b/noninvopamp/fg1.dia differ diff --git a/noninvopamp/fg1.jpg b/noninvopamp/fg1.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cb30eab Binary files /dev/null and b/noninvopamp/fg1.jpg differ diff --git a/noninvopamp/fg1a.dia b/noninvopamp/fg1a.dia new file mode 100644 index 0000000..665891c Binary files /dev/null and b/noninvopamp/fg1a.dia differ diff --git a/noninvopamp/fg1a.jpg b/noninvopamp/fg1a.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..11fd1ae Binary files /dev/null and b/noninvopamp/fg1a.jpg differ diff --git a/noninvopamp/fg1b.dia b/noninvopamp/fg1b.dia new file mode 100644 index 0000000..aebd789 Binary files /dev/null and b/noninvopamp/fg1b.dia differ diff --git a/noninvopamp/fg1b.jpg b/noninvopamp/fg1b.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..64fb254 Binary files /dev/null and b/noninvopamp/fg1b.jpg differ diff --git a/noninvopamp/noninv.dia b/noninvopamp/noninv.dia new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5a1e2cd Binary files /dev/null and b/noninvopamp/noninv.dia differ diff --git a/noninvopamp/noninv.jpg b/noninvopamp/noninv.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..56a6a8e Binary files /dev/null and b/noninvopamp/noninv.jpg differ diff --git a/noninvopamp/noninvopamp.tex b/noninvopamp/noninvopamp.tex index 40247fd..b9b44b0 100644 --- a/noninvopamp/noninvopamp.tex +++ b/noninvopamp/noninvopamp.tex @@ -24,13 +24,101 @@ We can now create a functional group representing the amplifier, by bringing the failure modes from the potential divider and the op-amp into a functional group. -This can now be analysed and a derived component to represent th non inverting +This can now be analysed and a derived component to represent the non inverting amplifier determined. } } { } +\section{Introduction} + +Standard non inv op amp from ``art of electronics'' ~\cite{aoe}[pp.234] shown in figure \ref{fig:noninvamp}. + +\begin{figure}[h] + \centering + \includegraphics[width=200pt,keepaspectratio=true]{./noninvopamp/noninv.jpg} + % noninv.jpg: 341x186 pixel, 72dpi, 12.03x6.56 cm, bb=0 0 341 186 + \caption{Standard non inverting amplifier configuration} + \label{fig:noninvamp} +\end{figure} + + + +The functional of the resistors in this amplifier is to set the gain. +They operate as a potential divider and program the minus input on the op-amp +to balance them against the positive input, giving the voltage gain ($G_v$) +defined by $$ G_v = 1 + \frac{R2}{R1} $$ at the output. + +As the resistors work to provide a specific function, that of a potential divider, +we can treat them as a functional group. +Using the EN298 specification for resistor failure ~\cite{en298}[App.A] +we can assign failure modes of $OPEN$ and $SHORT$ to the resistors. +Thus $R1$ has failure modes $\{R1\_OPEN, R1\_SHORT\}$ and $R2$ has failure modes $\{R2\_OPEN, R2\_SHORT\}$. + +Modelling this as a functional group, we can draw a circle to represent each failure mode +in the potential divider, shown in figure \ref{fig:fg1}. + + +\begin{figure}[h] + \centering + \includegraphics[width=200pt,keepaspectratio=true]{./noninvopamp/fg1.jpg} + % fg1.jpg: 430x271 pixel, 72dpi, 15.17x9.56 cm, bb=0 0 430 271 + \caption{potential divider `functional group' failure modes} + \label{fig:fg1} +\end{figure} + +We can now look at each of these base component failure modes, +and determine how they will affect the operation of the potential divider. +Each failure mode scenario we look at will be given a teat case number, +which is represented on the diagram, with an asterisk marking +which failure modes is is modelling (see figure \ref{fig:fg1a}). + +\begin{figure}[h] + \centering + \includegraphics[width=200pt,keepaspectratio=true]{./noninvopamp/fg1a.jpg} + % fg1a.jpg: 430x271 pixel, 72dpi, 15.17x9.56 cm, bb=0 0 430 271 + \caption{potential divider with test cases} + \label{fig:fg1a} +\end{figure} + + +\begin{table}[ht] +\caption{Potential Divider: Failure Mode Effects Analysis: Single Faults} % title of Table +\centering % used for centering table +\begin{tabular}{||l|c|c|l|l||} +\hline \hline + \textbf{Test} & \textbf{Pot.Div} & \textbf{ } & \textbf{General} \\ + \textbf{Case} & \textbf{Effect} & \textbf{ } & \textbf{Symtom Description} \\ +% R & wire & res + & res - & description +\hline +\hline + TC1: $R_1$ SHORT & LOW & & Low PD \\ + TC2: $R_1$ OPEN & HIGH & & High PD \\ \hline + TC3: $R_2$ SHORT & HIGH & & High PD \\ + TC4: $R_2$ OPEN & LOW & & Low PD \\ \hline +\hline +\end{tabular} +\label{pdfmea} +\end{table} + + +We can now collect the symptoms of failure. From the four base component failure modes, we now +have two symptoms, $LOW\;PD, HIGH\;PD$. + +We can represent the collection of these symptoms by drawing connecting lines between +the test cases and naming them (see figure \ref{fig:fg1b}). + + +\begin{figure}[h] + \centering + \includegraphics[width=200pt,keepaspectratio=true]{./noninvopamp/fg1b.jpg} + % fg1b.jpg: 430x271 pixel, 72dpi, 15.17x9.56 cm, bb=0 0 430 271 + \caption{Collection of potential divider failure mode symptoms} + \label{fig:fg1b} +\end{figure} + + \vspace{60pt} $$ \int_{0\-}^{\infty} f(t).e^{-s.t}.dt \; | \; s \in \mathcal{C}$$ \today diff --git a/noninvopamp/opamp.dia b/noninvopamp/opamp.dia new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fbccd59 Binary files /dev/null and b/noninvopamp/opamp.dia differ diff --git a/noninvopamp/paper.tex b/noninvopamp/paper.tex index ebd4737..543e8d1 100644 --- a/noninvopamp/paper.tex +++ b/noninvopamp/paper.tex @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ \author{R.P.Clark} \title{Two stage FMMD analysis of a non inverting op-amp} \maketitle -\input{noninvopamp} +\input{noninvopamp_paper} \bibliographystyle{plain} \bibliography{../vmgbibliography,../mybib}