"we" removal started in CH4.
Possibly better to do CH5 next.
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@ -3,15 +3,16 @@
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%\paragraph{Abstract} % : The Scope of this study.}{
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{
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%
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Increasingly we rely on automation in everyday life.
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Increasingly society relies on automation in everyday life.
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%
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Many % of the
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automated systems have the potential to cause harm or even death should they fail.
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%
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Safety assessment and certification is now required for %of
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almost all potentially dangerous equipment.
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%
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As part of the assessment/certification process, we typically apply
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a battery of tests, examining features such as resistance to extremes of environment, Electro Magnetic Compatibility (EMC),
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As part of the assessment/certification process, typically
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a battery of tests is applied, examining features such as resistance to extremes of environment, Electro Magnetic Compatibility (EMC),
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endurance regimes and static testing.
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%
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Static testing is at the theoretical, or design level, and involves
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@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ The acronym FMEA can be expanded as follows:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item \textbf{F - Failures of given component,} Consider a particular component in a system;
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\item \textbf{M - Failure Mode,} Choose a particular failure mode of this component; % `failure~mode';
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\item \textbf{E - Effects,} Determine the effects this failure mode will cause to the system we are examining;
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\item \textbf{E - Effects,} Determine the effects this failure mode will cause; % the system; we are examining;
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\item \textbf{A - Analysis,} Analyse how much impact this symptom will have on the environment/operators/the system itself.
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\end{itemize}
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\fmeagloss
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@ -646,9 +646,6 @@ For instance it has been assumed that the resistor R1 going SHORT
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will not affect the ADC, the Microprocessor or the UART.
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%
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%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%% WE removal project ends here today 08SEP2013 %%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%
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The {\bc} {\fm} R1 SHORT has been examined
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and failure reasoning applied,
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@ -1510,7 +1507,7 @@ With the addition of subjective failure mode symptoms, the UML model for FMEA ga
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The UML data model reveals some undefined qualities of FMEA.
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These raise questions and are discussed below.
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%
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\paragraph{Which, or how many components should we check for each {\fm} entry?}
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\paragraph{Which, or how many components should be checked for each {\fm} entry?}
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For instance a given {\fm} will have its effect measured in relation
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to some of the components in the system.
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%
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@ -2,52 +2,6 @@
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%% CHAPTER 4 : Failure Mode Modular Discrimination
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%%
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\label{sec:chap4}
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% \ifthenelse {\boolean{paper}}
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% {
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% \abstract{
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% This paper defines %what is meant by
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% the terms
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% components, derived~components, functional~groups, component fault modes and `unitary~state' component fault modes.
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% %The application of Bayes theorem in current methodologies, and
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% %the suitability of the `null hypothesis' or `P' value statistical approach
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% %are discussed.
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% The general concept of the cardinality constrained powerset is introduced
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% and calculations for it described, and then for
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% calculations under `unitary state' fault mode conditions.
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% Data types and their relationships are described using UML.
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% Mathematical constraints and definitions are made using set theory.}
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% }
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% {
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% \section{Overview}
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% This chapter defines the FMMD process and related concepts and calculations.
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% FMMD is in essence modularised FMEA. Rather than taking each component failure mode
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% and extrapolating top level or system failure symptoms from it,
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% small groups of components are collected into {\fgs} and analysed,
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% and then {\dcs} are used to represent the {\fgs}.
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% These {\dcs} are used to then build further {\fgs} until a hierarchy of {\fgs}
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% and {\dcs} has been built, converging to a final {\dc}
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% at the top of the hierarchy.
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%
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% Or in other words we take the traditional FMEA process, and modularise it.
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% We break down each stage of reasoning
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% into small manageable groups, and use the results of those groups, as {\dcs}
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% to build higher level groups.
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% %This has advantages of concentrating
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% %effort in where modules interact,
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%% J. Howse 04MAY2012 REMOVEFirstly, %what is meant by
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%% J. Howse 04MAY2012 REMOVEthe terms
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%% J. Howse 04MAY2012 REMOVEcomponents, failure~modes, derived~components, functional~groups, component fault modes and `unitary~state' component fault modes are defined.
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%
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%% J. Howse 04MAY2012 REMOVE The general concept of the cardinality constrained powerset is introduced
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%% J. Howse 04MAY2012 REMOVE and calculations for it described, and performance
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%% J. Howse 04MAY2012 REMOVE calculations (comparing traditional FMEA and FMMD)
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%% J. Howse 04MAY2012 REMOVE are presented. % under `unitary state' fault mode conditions.
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%
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%% J. Howse 04MAY2012 REMOVEData types and their relationships are described using UML.
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%% J. Howse 04MAY2012 REMOVEMathematical constraints and definitions are made using set theory.
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% }
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\section{Introduction}
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@ -70,18 +24,19 @@ FMMD is in essence a modularised variant of traditional FMEA~\cite{sccs}[pp.34-
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%
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%\subsection{FMMD Process in outline.}
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%
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In order to analyse from the bottom-up and apply a modular methodology, we need to take
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In order to analyse from the bottom-up and apply a modular methodology,
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small groups of components that naturally
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work together to perform a simple function: we term these groups `{\fgs}'.
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work together to perform a simple function are chosen: these groups are termed `{\fgs}'.
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%
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\fmmdglossFG
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%
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The components to include in a {\fg} are chosen by hand.
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%a human, the analyst.
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%We can represent the `Functional~Group' as a class.
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When we have a
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{\fg} we can look at the components it contains,
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and from this determine the failure modes of all the components that belong to it.
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% When we have a
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% {\fg} we can look at the components it contains,
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% and from this determine the failure modes of all the components that belong to it.
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With a {\fg} the failure modes of all the components that belong to it can be determined.
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%
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%Initial {\fgs} will consist of {\bcs}.
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%
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@ -111,41 +66,29 @@ Each of these failure modes, and optionally combinations of them, are
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formed into test~cases which
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are analysed for their effect on the failure mode behaviour of the `{\fg}'.
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%
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Once we have the failure mode behaviour of the {\fg}, we can determine its symptoms of failure.
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Once the failure mode behaviour of the {\fg} is obtained, its symptoms of failure can be determined.
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%,
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%or the failure modes of the {\dc}.
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%for the {\fg}.
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%
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We view these symptoms as the %derived
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failure modes of the {\fg}.
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These symptoms are treated as failure modes of the {\fg}.
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%
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\fmmdglossFG
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\fmmdglossSYMPTOM
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%Or in other words
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That is, we can determine how the {\fg} can fail.
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As we now have a set of failure modes for the {\fg} we can treat it as a component.
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We can now consider the {\fg} as a `{\dc}' % sort of super component
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That is, how the {\fg} can fail has been determined.
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%
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As a set of failure modes has been defined for the {\fg} it can be treated as a component.
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%
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The {\fg} can be considered as a `{\dc}' % sort of super component
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with its own set of failure modes.
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%
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\fmmdglossDC
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% Rather than taking each component failure mode
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% and extrapolating top level or system failure symptoms from it,
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% small groups of components are collected into {\fgs} and analysed.
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%
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%
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% %and then {\dcs} are used to represent the {\fgs}.
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% We analyse each {\fg} in order to determine its failure mode behaviour.
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% %of the {\fg}.
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% With the failure mode behaviour we can obtain a set of failure modes
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% for the {\fg}.
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% %
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% Or in other words we determine how the {\fg}, as an entity can fail.
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% %
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% We can then create a new theoretical component to represent the {\fg}.
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% %
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% We call this a {\dc}.
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% %
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%We term this newly created component as a `{dc}'.
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%
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% UP TO HERE IN WE REMOVAL 11SEP2013
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%
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%This {\dc} has a set of failure modes: we can thus treat it as a `higher~level' component.
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%
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Because a {\dc} has a set of failure modes we can use it in higher level {\fgs}
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