From 1627d57061a306fd624e7ae158ec110fa0920b49 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Robin Date: Tue, 16 Feb 2010 08:49:33 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] pt100 vrange diagram --- pt100/pt100.tex | 56 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------- pt100/vrange.dia | Bin 0 -> 1618 bytes pt100/vrange.jpg | Bin 0 -> 13927 bytes 3 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) create mode 100644 pt100/vrange.dia create mode 100644 pt100/vrange.jpg diff --git a/pt100/pt100.tex b/pt100/pt100.tex index ab1da3a..48d9df0 100644 --- a/pt100/pt100.tex +++ b/pt100/pt100.tex @@ -40,6 +40,25 @@ current resistance of the platinum wire sensor. The resistance of this is directly related to temperature, and may be determined by look-up tables or a suitable polynomial expression. + +\begin{figure}[h] + \centering + \includegraphics[width=150pt,bb=0 0 273 483,keepaspectratio=true]{./pt100/vrange.jpg} + % pt100.jpg: 714x180 pixel, 72dpi, 25.19x6.35 cm, bb=0 0 714 180 + \caption{PT100 expected voltage ranges} + \label{fig:pt100vrange} +\end{figure} + + + + +The voltage ranges we expect from from this three stage potential divider +are shown in figure \ref{fig:pt100vrange}. Note that there is +an expected range for each reading for a given temperature span. +Note that the low reading goes down as temperature increases, and the higher reading goes up. +For this reason the low reading will be reffered to as {\em sense-} +and the higher as {\em sense+}. + \subsection{Accuracy despite variable resistance in cables} For electronic and accuracy reasons the four wire circiut is used @@ -74,6 +93,8 @@ The worst case for this type of analysis would be a fault that we cannot detect. Where this occurs a circuit re-design is probably the only sensible course of action. + + \subsection{Single Fault FMEA Analysis of PT100 Four wire circuit} \label{fmea} @@ -86,6 +107,16 @@ For the purpose of his analyis; $R_{1}$ is the \ohms{2k2} from 5V to the thermistor, $R_p$ is the PT100 thermistor and $R_{2}$ connects the thermistor to ground. +We can define the terms `High Fault' and `Low Fault' here, with reference to figure +\ref{fig:pt100vrange}. Should we get a reading outside the safe green zone +in the diagram we can consider this a fault. +Should the reading be above its expected range this is a `High Fault' +and if below a `Low Fault'. + +The Table \ref{ptfmea} plays through the scenarios of each of the resistors failing +in both SHORT and OPEN failure modes, and predicts an error condition in the readings. +The range 0\oc to 300\oc will be analysed using potential divider equations to +to the out of range voltage limits in section \ref{ptbounds}. \begin{table}[ht] \caption{PT100 FMEA Single Faults} % title of Table \centering % used for centering table @@ -96,14 +127,14 @@ $R_p$ is the PT100 thermistor and $R_{2}$ connects the thermistor to ground. % R & wire & res + & res - & description \hline \hline - $R_1$ SHORT & High & - & Value Out of Range Value \\ \hline -$R_1$ OPEN & Low & Low & Both values out of range \\ \hline + $R_1$ SHORT & High Fault & - & Value Out of Range Value \\ \hline +$R_1$ OPEN & Low Fault & Low Fault & Both values out of range \\ \hline \hline -$R_p$ SHORT & Low & High & Both values out of range \\ \hline - $R_p$ OPEN & High & Low & Both values out of range \\ \hline +$R_p$ SHORT & Low Fault & High Fault & Both values out of range \\ \hline + $R_p$ OPEN & High Fault & Low Fault & Both values out of range \\ \hline \hline -$R_2$ SHORT & - & Low & Value Out of Range Value \\ - $R_2$ OPEN & High & High & Both values out of range \\ \hline +$R_2$ SHORT & - & Low Fault & Value Out of Range Value \\ + $R_2$ OPEN & High Fault & High Fault & Both values out of range \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \label{ptfmea} @@ -126,7 +157,8 @@ resistors in this circuit has failed. \label{pt100temp} PT100 resistors are designed to have a resistance of ohms{100} at 0 \oc \cite{eurothermtables}. -A suitable `wider than to be expected range' was considered to be {-100\oc} to {300\oc}. +A suitable `wider than to be expected range' was considered to be {0\oc} to {300\oc} +for a given application. According to the Eurotherm PT100 tables \cite{eurothermtables}, this corresponded to the resistances \ohms{60.28} and \ohms{212.02} respectively. From this the potential divider circuit can be @@ -154,10 +186,10 @@ $$ lowreading = 2^{12}.\frac{2k2}{2k2+2k2+pt100} $$ \textbf{Temperature} & \textbf{PT100 resistance} & \textbf{Lower} & \textbf{Higher} & \textbf{Description} \\ \hline - {-100 \oc} & {\ohms{68.28}} & 2.46V & 2.53V & Boundary of \\ - & & 2017\adctw & 2079\adctw & out of range LOW \\ \hline - {0 \oc} & {\ohms{100}} & 2.44V & 2.56V & Mid Range \\ - & & 2002\adctw & 2094\adctw & \\ \hline +% {-100 \oc} & {\ohms{68.28}} & 2.46V & 2.53V & Boundary of \\ +% & & 2017\adctw & 2079\adctw & out of range LOW \\ \hline + {0 \oc} & {\ohms{100}} & 2.44V & 2.56V & Boundary of \\ + & & 2002\adctw & 2094\adctw & out of range LOW \\ \hline {+300 \oc} & {\ohms{212.02}} & 2.38V & 2.62V & Boundary of \\ & & 1954\adctw & 2142\adctw & out of range HIGH \\ \hline \hline @@ -176,7 +208,7 @@ we would get from the resistor failures to prove that they are `out of range'. 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